In her new book, Reaching the Animal Mind ($25, Scribner), Karen Pryor offers a lively, wide-ranging overview of the use of operant conditioning for training, well, nearly any animal you can think of.

I was watching an intermediate level dog obedience training class where the dogs were being trained to respond to hand signals. Floating over the usual class related sounds produced by people's voices ...

Clicker training is based on creating a special reward of this nature. Technically it involves the classical conditioning of emotions. After all, it is not the actual piece of food that we use as a ...